Wednesday, December 7, 2016

75th anniversary of attack of Pearl Harbor



By Elizabeth H
Elys                                                                                                                                                           In a straight line between the US and Japan, Hawaii is the first piece of land due west of San Francisco.

In 1941 its shallow-water port, Pearl Harbor provided the best place to anchor in the whole Pacific. There, at 7:48 am Hawaiian time on December 7 of that year, a first wave of torpedo began to destroy the US Pacific Fleet.

In 1887, the US government obtained exclusive use of the inlet called Pearl Harbor and the right to maintain a repair and coaling station for ships. The area was established as a naval base in 1908, and then in 1911 dredging of a channel from the sea was completed. This made that channel accessible to largest naval vessel. 

During the Japanese attack, this center for US military action in the Pacific Ocean was nearly completely destroyed.  

Between the middle of the 19th and the beginning of 20th centuries, Japan looked to transform itself from a closed, feudal society into a modern industrial and military power. In 1937, conflict began between Japan and China, near the Marco Polo Bridge in Beijing. This conflict led to a full-scale war knows today as the Sino-Japanese War, which was one of the bloodiest in history and lasted until the defeat of Japan in 1945. 

In 1939, WWII began with a string of German victories. These successes included the defeats of Poland, France, and England. Many European nations that Germany now controlled had control of important colonial empires, the East Indies and Singapore and Southeast Asia. These empires were of interest to Japan because they had the natural resources oil, coal, and rubber. Japan began their expansion with the seizure of Indochina in mid-1941. 

Pearl Harbor, conducted by Japanese aircraft was the beginning of an awful war between Japan and USA. It was an announced brutal attack upon the US naval base in Pearl Harbor. That unexpected attack on December 7, 1941 was originally just a preventive effort from keeping the US Pacific fleet from influencing the war Japan was planning to start in Southeast Asia. The aerial attack bombs resulted in the United States entry into WWII. Six Japanese aircraft lunched two aerial attack waves, sinking four US Navy battleships and damaging two others. 

The Japanese raid took about 2400 lives and 1. 178 personal were wounded, 19 ships burned or exploded and more than 120 aircraft were destroyed. Pearl Harbor has been compare to the dropping of the bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Pearl Harbor basically sums up previous bad relationship between the US and Japan.

The whole point of the bombing was a warning for the US to stay out of their war with Southeast Asia. The US took that as a calling out and entered the WWII with determination.

To punish Japan after Pearl Harbor, the USA cut back on its trade with them. Stopping the flow of oil and rubber effected Japan’s war efforts; at they needed supplies for war tanks, ships and airplanes. The US was the thing standing in Japan’s way to conquer Southeast Asia and Western Pacific Ocean.

The Japanese knew that after Pearl Harbor, Americans determination for revenge would be at its peak and the only possible way to defeat them would be invading other countries and taking supplies. 

Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, commander in chief of Japan’s combined fleet, was the brilliant architect of Pearl Harbor. He had trained at Harvard University and broadly wanted to avoid war with America. In January 1941, Yamamoto wrote: “As I read the results of repeated war games, the Imperial Navy has not once achieved a great victory.”

Much has changed in the past 75 years. Much has been remembered, but much has been forgotten. Pearl Harbor will always be remembered.

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